It would be simple to say that President Truman believed the right thing to do was to drop two nuclear bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. In this case, the "ends" would be an abrupt stop to the war and save some American lives, However the "means", was the most devastating attack in warfare history.
The Japanese were notoriously known for never surrendering and giving up. Maybe ordering to drop these products of the Manhattan Project was a good idea. I do not think at the time Truman truly knew the aftermath these bombs would cause.
The ends justifying the means is really just a question of morality. Every person may make different decisions when analyzing consequences, pros and cons, positives and negatives. This brings up a question to tie this into contemporary issues.
Thankfully, this is the only time in world history where nuclear weaponry was induced upon another nation during war. In 2014, world powers have single nukes that can quickly end the world, not to mention they have thousands of them (probably to flex their muscles at other countries). Other nations are also experimenting and becoming successful in the science of nuclear arms and are imposing a threat on their enemies.
It is sort of a settled claim in the world that no one use atomic weapons against another countries will. Once one nuke gets shot across the globe, others will follow ensuing world war 3 and more than likely ending the world. For this reason, powerful nations will always refrain from using such damaging devices. Some middle eastern countries which do not always get along with the rest of the world also have nuclear capabilities. Do we trust them to be responsible? Do we place sanctions or control what they can and cannot do? Even ISIL has control of nukes.
The following video interestingly and frighteningly displays how nuclear operations like the possible ones mentioned above would completely wipe out any given target and trace a given region for generations to come.
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